The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.